Polity · 1992 CE – present
Slovakia
Slovenská republika · Slovensko · Slovenska republika
Also recorded as Slovak Republic
- Peak recorded area
- 49,245 km²
- 1992 CE
- Rulers on record
- 12
- from 1993 CE
- Data series
- 379
- 1992 CE–2025 CE
Overview
Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's mostly mountainous territory spans about 49,000 km2 (19,000 sq mi), hosting a population exceeding 5.4 million. The capital and largest city is Bratislava, while the second largest city is Košice.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
2 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 1 further extent, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 55 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population216 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 5.5Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy165 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 78.65years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | -31.4Kpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | -0.696% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 81.84years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 75.4years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 141 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita PPP220 obs · 1800 CE–2019 CE | 31.5Kint'l $ (inflation adj.)2019 CE · Gapminder |
| GDP Current Usd69 obs · 1990 CE–2025 CE | 154.5Bcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Low Carbon Electricity61 obs · 1965 CE–2025 CE | 24.78TWh2025 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Nuclear Electricity61 obs · 1965 CE–2025 CE | 19.33TWh2025 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Renewables Electricity61 obs · 1965 CE–2025 CE | 5.45TWh2025 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Energy per capita60 obs · 1965 CE–2024 CE | 32.9KkWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
Military
6 of 33 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Military Expenditure % GDP33 obs · 1993 CE–2025 CE | 2% of GDP2025 CE · CIA World Factbook 2024 |
| Military Expenditure Usd32 obs · 1993 CE–2024 CE | 2.8Bcurrent US$2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Armed Forces Personnel28 obs · 1993 CE–2020 CE | 18Kpersons2020 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| CINC Score24 obs · 1993 CE–2016 CE | 0.0011CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption24 obs · 1993 CE–2016 CE | 23.3Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production24 obs · 1993 CE–2016 CE | 4.8Mtons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 63 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Surface Area63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 49Ksq. km2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Arable Land %62 obs · 1993 CE–2023 CE | 27.18% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Forest Area %62 obs · 1993 CE–2023 CE | 40.06% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Co2 Emissions Mt Co2e55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 29.89mt_co2_equivalent2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Co2 Emissions per capita55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 5.51t_co2e_per_capita2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Methane Emissions Mt Co2e55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 5.06mt_co2_equivalent2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
Governance
6 of 28 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Legislature Total Seats49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 150seats2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Num Government Parties49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 95count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Num Opposition Parties49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 55count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Largest Govt Party Vote Share47 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 25percent2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Largest Opposition Vote Share47 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 18.3percent2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Rule Of Law Index38 obs · 1939 CE–2024 CE | 0.745index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
Development
6 of 59 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10052 obs · 1960 CE–2023 CE | 138.23per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Who Skilled Birth Attendance39 obs · 1985 CE–2023 CE | 4.47%2023 CE · WHO Global Health Observatory |
| Freedom Of Expression Index38 obs · 1939 CE–2024 CE | 0.806index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Hospital Beds Per 100038 obs · 1985 CE–2023 CE | 5.57per_10002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Electricity Access %34 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 100%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Electricity Access Rural %34 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 100%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Rulers
12 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Michal KováčHead of State1993 CE – 1998 CE
- Rudolf SchusterHead of State1999 CE – 2004 CE
- Ivan GašparovičHead of State2004 CE – 2014 CE
- Robert FicoHead of Government2006 CE – 2010 CE
- Iveta RadičováHead of Government2010 CE – 2012 CE
- Andrej KiskaHead of State2014 CE – 2019 CE
- Peter PellegriniHead of Government2018 CE – 2020 CE
- Zuzana ČaputováHead of State2019 CE – 2024 CE
- Igor MatovičHead of Government2020 CE – 2021 CE
- Eduard HegerHead of Government2021 CE – 2023 CE
- Ľudovít ÓdorHead of Government2023 CE
- Peter PellegriniHead of State2024 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Central Europe, south of Poland
- Government type
- parliamentary republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Peter PELLEGRINI (since 15 June 2024); head of government: Prime Minister Robert FICO (since 25 October 2023); cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister;
- Ethnic groups
- Slovak 83.8%, Hungarian 7.8%, Romani 1.2%, other 1.8% (includes Czech, Ruthenian, Ukrainian, Russian, German, Polish), unspecified 5.4% (2021 est.)
- Natural resources
- lignite, small amounts of iron ore, copper and manganese ore; salt; arable land
- Economy
- high-income EU and eurozone economy; manufacturing and exports led by automotive sector; growth supported by private consumption and public investment from EU funds, tempered by trade risks; increased taxes and withdrawal of energy subsidies contributing to rising but manageable inflation;
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Slovak
- Currency
- euros (EUR)
Memberships
- Czech Republic–Slovakia Defense Pact (1992)Military alliance · member1992 CE –
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · member1993 CE –
- Slovakia–Ukraine Non-Aggression Pact (1993)Historical alliance · member1993 CE –
- Slovakia–Romania Non-Aggression Pact (1993)Historical alliance · member1993 CE –
- Slovakia–Uzbekistan Non-Aggression Pact (1997)Historical alliance · member1997 CE –
- European UnionEUEconomic bloc · member2004 CE –
- NATONATOMilitary alliance · member2004 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
Central Intelligence Agency (2024). The World Factbook. Washington, DC.
Public Domain (US Government work)
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023DPI 2023
Cruz, C., Keefer, P. & Scartascini, C. (2023). Database of Political Institutions 2023. Inter-American Development Bank.
IDB open data, attribution
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
WHO Global Health Observatory2024
World Health Organization (2024). Global Health Observatory data repository.
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment)2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment series). Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0