Polity · 1919 CE – 1997 CE
Republic of Austria
Österreich · Republik Österreich · Republik Oesterreich
Also recorded as Austria
- Peak recorded area
- 87,213 km²
- 1919 CE
- Rulers on record
- 16
- from 1920 CE
- Data series
- 45
- 1919 CE–1945 CE
Overview
Austria, officially the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, of which the capital Vienna is the most populous city and state. Austria is bordered by Germany to the northwest, the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia to the northeast, Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
3 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 1 further extent, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before 1997 CE, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 10 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population27 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 6.8Mpersons1945 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| Urban Population20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | 2.1Mpersons1938 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| City Pop Brunn | 240Kpersons1925 CE · Chandler/Modelski Historical Urban Population |
| City Pop Prague | 745Kpersons1925 CE · Chandler/Modelski Historical Urban Population |
| City Pop Vienna | 1.9Mpersons1925 CE · Chandler/Modelski Historical Urban Population |
| Height Men | 170.4cm1920 CE · Clio-Infra |
Economy
6 of 8 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita27 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 2,7502011 int'l $1945 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| GDP per capita PPP27 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 3,221int'l $ (inflation adj.)1945 CE · Gapminder |
| Total Exports20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | 178million USD (current)1938 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Total Imports20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | 289million USD (current)1938 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Trade Balance20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | -111million USD (current)1938 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Trade Openness20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | 467million USD (current)1938 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
Military
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| CINC Score20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | 0.0051CINC (share of world capability)1938 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | 2.4Mcoal-ton equivalents1938 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | 673Ktons1938 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel20 obs · 1919 CE–1938 CE | 58Kpersons1938 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure19 obs · 1920 CE–1938 CE | 41.5Mcurrent USD1938 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Coal Production27 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 8.55TWh1945 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Gas Production27 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 0TWh1945 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Oil Production27 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 5.18TWh1945 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
Governance
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Polity223 obs · 1919 CE–1941 CE | 0index (-10 to 10)1941 CE · Clio-Infra |
| Electoral Democracy Index21 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 0.716index (0-1)1945 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index21 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 0.458index (0-1)1945 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type21 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 2RoW index (0-3)1945 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index21 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 0.951index (0-1)1945 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index20 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 0.564index (0-1)1945 CE · V-Dem v15 |
Development
6 of 13 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Tech Electricity Production22 obs · 1920 CE–1941 CE | 4.2BGWh1941 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Freedom Of Expression Index21 obs · 1919 CE–1945 CE | 0.849index (0-1)1945 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Tech Commercial Vehicles18 obs · 1920 CE–1937 CE | 16.2count1937 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Passenger Cars18 obs · 1920 CE–1937 CE | 32.4Kcount1937 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Railway Line Km18 obs · 1919 CE–1936 CE | 6,702km1936 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Railway Passenger Km17 obs · 1921 CE–1937 CE | 2,493passenger-km1937 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
Rulers
16 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Michael HainischHead of State1920 CE – 1928 CE
- Wilhelm MiklasHead of State1928 CE – 1938 CE
- Karl RennerHead of Government1945 CE
- Karl RennerHead of State1945 CE – 1950 CE
- Leopold FiglHead of Government1949 CE – 1953 CE
- Theodor KörnerHead of State1951 CE – 1957 CE
- Julius RaabHead of Government1953 CE – 1961 CE
- Adolf SchärfHead of State1957 CE – 1965 CE
- Alfons GorbachHead of Government1961 CE – 1964 CE
- Josef KlausHead of Government1964 CE – 1970 CE
- Franz JonasHead of State1965 CE – 1974 CE
- Bruno KreiskyHead of Government1970 CE – 1983 CE
- Rudolf KirchschlägerHead of State1974 CE – 1986 CE
- Fred SinowatzHead of Government1983 CE – 1986 CE
- Franz VranitzkyHead of Government1986 CE – 1997 CE
- Kurt WaldheimHead of State1986 CE – 1992 CE
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Croatian, German
- Currency
- euros (EUR)
Memberships
- Austria–Czechoslovakia Non-Aggression Pact (1921)Historical alliance · member1921 CE – 1927 CE
- Austria–Hungary–Italy Entente (1934)Historical alliance · member1934 CE – 1938 CE
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
Chandler/Modelski Historical Urban PopulationChandler 1987 / Modelski 2003
Chandler, T. (1987). Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth; Modelski, G. (2003). World Cities: -3000 to 2000.
Compiled from published works (Chandler 1987; Modelski 2003)
CHAT (Comin-Hobijn)2009 (FinalCHAT_72909)
Comin, D. & Hobijn, B. (2009). The CHAT Dataset. NBER Working Paper 15319.
NBER research data, freely downloadable
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Barbieri, K. & Keshk, O. (2016). Correlates of War Project Trade Data Set, v4.0.
Free academic use, citation
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
Republic of Austria is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.