Polity · 1944 CE – present
Lebanon
لبنان · Republic of Lebanon · الجمهورية اللبنانية
Also recorded as Lebanese Republic
- Peak recorded area
- 9,886 km²
- 1944 CE
- Rulers on record
- 6
- from 2016 CE
- Data series
- 401
- 1944 CE–2025 CE
Overview
Lebanon, officially the Lebanese Republic, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west; Cyprus lies a short distance from the coastline. Lebanon has a population of more than five million and an area of 10,452 square kilometres (4,036 sq mi). Beirut is the country's capital and largest city.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
9 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 3 further extents, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 58 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population219 obs · 1820 CE–2025 CE | 5.8Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy165 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 78.08years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | -10.2Kpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 0.796% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 79.99years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 76.02years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 157 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita PPP220 obs · 1800 CE–2019 CE | 18.9Kint'l $ (inflation adj.)2019 CE · Gapminder |
| GDP Current Usd79 obs · 1980 CE–2024 CE | 26Bcurrent US$2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| GDP per capita76 obs · 1820 CE–2022 CE | 10.3K2011 int'l $2022 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| Total Exports69 obs · 1946 CE–2014 CE | 3,428.01million USD (current)2014 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Total Imports69 obs · 1946 CE–2014 CE | 21.5Kmillion USD (current)2014 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Trade Balance69 obs · 1946 CE–2014 CE | -18.1Kmillion USD (current)2014 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
Military
6 of 41 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Military Expenditure % GDP116 obs · 1964 CE–2024 CE | 2.59% of GDP2024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| CINC Score71 obs · 1946 CE–2016 CE | 0.001CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption71 obs · 1946 CE–2016 CE | 2.7Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production71 obs · 1946 CE–2016 CE | 0tons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel71 obs · 1946 CE–2016 CE | 60Kpersons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure66 obs · 1946 CE–2016 CE | 1.7Bcurrent USD2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 57 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %126 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 13.12% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Forest Area %68 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 14.19% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Agricultural Land %63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 65.91%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Arable Land per capita Ha63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 0.0232hectares per person2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Fao Agricultural Land63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 674.2Kha2023 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Arable Land63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 134.2Kha2023 CE · FAOSTAT |
Governance
6 of 30 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Rule Of Law Index107 obs · 1918 CE–2024 CE | 0.227index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Electoral Democracy Index106 obs · 1919 CE–2024 CE | 0.348index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index106 obs · 1919 CE–2024 CE | 0.207index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index106 obs · 1919 CE–2024 CE | 0.192index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type106 obs · 1919 CE–2024 CE | 0RoW index (0-3)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Polity255 obs · 1943 CE–2012 CE | 7index (-10 to 10)2012 CE · Clio-Infra |
Development
6 of 58 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index107 obs · 1918 CE–2024 CE | 0.72index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Tech Electricity Production58 obs · 1940 CE–1997 CE | 7.1BGWh1997 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Newspaper Circulation54 obs · 1946 CE–1999 CE | 515Kcirculation1999 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Radios54 obs · 1946 CE–1999 CE | 3,061count1999 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10051 obs · 1960 CE–2022 CE | 74.01per_1002022 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Dpt Immunization %44 obs · 1981 CE–2024 CE | 49%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Rulers
6 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Michel AounHead of State2016 CE – 2022 CE
- Saad HarirịHead of Government2016 CE – 2020 CE
- Hassan DiabHead of Government2020 CE – 2021 CE
- Mohamed AghaHead of Government2021 CE – 2025 CE
- Joseph AounHead of State2025 CE –
- Nawaf SalamHead of Government2025 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Israel and Syria
- Government type
- parliamentary democratic republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Joseph AOUN (since 9 January 2025); head of government: Prime Minister Nawaf SALAM (since 8 February 2025); cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president and the National Assembly;
- Ethnic groups
- Arab 95%, Armenian 4%, other 1%
- Natural resources
- limestone, iron ore, salt, water-surplus state in a water-deficit region, arable land
- Economy
- lower middle-income Middle Eastern economy; hyperinflation and sharp poverty increases; banks have ceased lending; economic contraction, destroyed infrastructure, and reduced consumer demand resulting from Israel-Hezbollah conflict
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Arabic
- Currency
- Lebanese pounds (LBP)
Memberships
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · founding member1945 CE –
- Arab LeagueALInternational organisation · founding member1945 CE –
- 23-member Entente (1945)Historical alliance · member1945 CE –
- 21-member Defense Pact (1950)Military alliance · member1950 CE –
- Lebanon–Israel Non-Aggression Pact (1983)Historical alliance · member1983 CE – 1984 CE
- Syria–Lebanon Entente (1991)Historical alliance · member1991 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CHAT (Comin-Hobijn)2009 (FinalCHAT_72909)
Comin, D. & Hobijn, B. (2009). The CHAT Dataset. NBER Working Paper 15319.
NBER research data, freely downloadable
CIA World Factbook 2024
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Barbieri, K. & Keshk, O. (2016). Correlates of War Project Trade Data Set, v4.0.
Free academic use, citation
FAOSTAT2024 release
FAO (2024). FAOSTAT Statistical Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
CC BY 4.0
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
SIPRI Military Expenditure Database2024
SIPRI (2024). Military Expenditure Database.
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0