Polity · 1930 CE – present
Argentine Republic
República Argentina · Argentina · República Argentina
Also recorded as Argentina
- Peak recorded area
- 2,792,880 km²
- 1930 CE
- Rulers on record
- 83
- from 1874 CE
- Data series
- 463
- 1930 CE–2025 CE
Overview
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country located in the southern cone of South America and with a claimed portion of Antarctica. It covers an area of 2,780,085 km2 (1,073,397 mi2), making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourth-largest country in the Americas, and the eighth-largest country in the world.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
3 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 65 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population236 obs · 1930 CE–2025 CE | 45.9Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy165 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 77.69years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 2,859persons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 0.335% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 80.16years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 75.14years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 163 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP Current Usd112 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 683.1Bcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| GDP per capita93 obs · 1930 CE–2022 CE | 18.3K2011 int'l $2022 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| GDP per capita PPP90 obs · 1930 CE–2019 CE | 18Kint'l $ (inflation adj.)2019 CE · Gapminder |
| Total Exports85 obs · 1930 CE–2014 CE | 69.5Kmillion USD (current)2014 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Total Imports85 obs · 1930 CE–2014 CE | 67Kmillion USD (current)2014 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Trade Balance85 obs · 1930 CE–2014 CE | 2,536.09million USD (current)2014 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
Military
6 of 67 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| CINC Score87 obs · 1930 CE–2016 CE | 0.0054CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption87 obs · 1930 CE–2016 CE | 133.5Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production87 obs · 1930 CE–2016 CE | 4.1Mtons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure87 obs · 1930 CE–2016 CE | 5.2Bcurrent USD2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel81 obs · 1930 CE–2016 CE | 74Kpersons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure % GDP66 obs · 1960 CE–2024 CE | 0.6184% of GDP2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Territory & resources
6 of 76 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %126 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 14.76% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Gas Production95 obs · 1930 CE–2024 CE | 441.13TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Oil Production95 obs · 1930 CE–2024 CE | 681.96TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Coal Production87 obs · 1930 CE–2016 CE | 0.166TWh2016 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Forest Area %68 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 10.32% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Agricultural Land %63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 42.44%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Governance
6 of 29 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Electoral Democracy Index95 obs · 1930 CE–2024 CE | 0.712index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index95 obs · 1930 CE–2024 CE | 0.553index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index95 obs · 1930 CE–2024 CE | 0.461index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type95 obs · 1930 CE–2024 CE | 2RoW index (0-3)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index95 obs · 1930 CE–2024 CE | 0.626index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Polity283 obs · 1930 CE–2012 CE | 8index (-10 to 10)2012 CE · Clio-Infra |
Development
6 of 63 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index95 obs · 1930 CE–2024 CE | 0.761index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Tech Electricity Production72 obs · 1930 CE–2001 CE | 90.2BGWh2001 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Passenger Cars69 obs · 1930 CE–1998 CE | 4.9Mcount1998 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Commercial Vehicles64 obs · 1930 CE–1993 CE | 1,589count1993 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Railway Freight Tkm64 obs · 1930 CE–1993 CE | 4,477tonne-km1993 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Railway Passenger Km64 obs · 1930 CE–1993 CE | 5,836passenger-km1993 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
Rulers
83 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Mariano AcostaVice President of Argentina1874 CE – 1880 CE
- Nicolás AvellanedaPresident of Argentina1875 CE – 1880 CE
- Francisco Bernabé MaderoVice President of Argentina1880 CE – 1886 CE
- Julio Argentino RocaPresident of Argentina1880 CE – 1886 CE
- Carlos PellegriniVice President of Argentina1886 CE – 1890 CE
- Miguel Ángel Juárez CelmanPresident of Argentina1886 CE – 1890 CE
- Carlos PellegriniPresident of Argentina1890 CE – 1892 CE
- José Evaristo UriburuVice President of Argentina1892 CE – 1895 CE
- Luis Sáenz-PeñaPresident of Argentina1892 CE – 1895 CE
- José Evaristo UriburuPresident of Argentina1895 CE – 1898 CE
- Norberto Quirno CostaVice President of Argentina1898 CE – 1904 CE
- José Figueroa AlcortaVice President of Argentina1904 CE – 1906 CE
- Manuel QuintanaPresident of Argentina1904 CE – 1906 CE
- José Figueroa AlcortaPresident of Argentina1906 CE – 1910 CE
- Roque Sáenz PeñaPresident of Argentina1910 CE – 1914 CE
- Victorino de la PlazaVice President of Argentina1910 CE – 1914 CE
- Victorino de la PlazaPresident of Argentina1914 CE – 1916 CE
- Hipólito YrigoyenPresident of Argentina1916 CE – 1922 CE
- Pelagio LunaVice President of Argentina1916 CE – 1919 CE
- Elpidio GonzálezVice President of Argentina1922 CE – 1928 CE
- Marcelo Torcuato de AlvearPresident of Argentina1922 CE – 1928 CE
- Enrique MartínezVice President of Argentina1928 CE – 1930 CE
- Enrique SantamarinaVice President of Argentina1930 CE
- José Félix UriburuPresident of Argentina1930 CE – 1932 CE
- Agustín Pedro JustoPresident of Argentina1932 CE – 1938 CE
- Julio Argentino Pascual RocaVice President of Argentina1932 CE – 1938 CE
- Ramón CastilloVice President of Argentina1938 CE – 1942 CE
- Roberto Marcelino OrtizPresident of Argentina1938 CE – 1942 CE
- Ramón CastilloPresident of Argentina1942 CE – 1943 CE
- Arturo RawsonPresident of Argentina1943 CE
- Edelmiro Julián FarrellVice President of Argentina1943 CE – 1944 CE
- Pedro Pablo RamírezPresident of Argentina1943 CE – 1944 CE
- Sabá H. SueyroVice President of Argentina1943 CE
- Edelmiro Julián FarrellPresident of Argentina1944 CE – 1946 CE
- Juan PerónVice President of Argentina1944 CE – 1945 CE
- Juan PistariniVice President of Argentina1945 CE – 1946 CE
- Hortensio QuijanoVice President of Argentina1946 CE – 1952 CE
- Juan PerónPresident of Argentina1946 CE – 1955 CE
- Alberto TeisseireVice President of Argentina1954 CE – 1955 CE
- Isaac Francisco del Ángel RojasVice President of Argentina1955 CE – 1958 CE
- José Domingo Molina GómezPresident of Argentina1955 CE
- Pedro Eugenio AramburuPresident of Argentina1955 CE – 1958 CE
- Alejandro GómezVice President of Argentina1958 CE
- Arturo FrondiziPresident of Argentina1958 CE – 1962 CE
- José María GuidoPresident of Argentina1962 CE – 1963 CE
- Arturo Umberto IlliaPresident of Argentina1963 CE – 1966 CE
- Carlos Humberto PeretteVice President of Argentina1963 CE – 1966 CE
- Juan Carlos OnganíaPresident of Argentina1966 CE – 1970 CE
- Roberto Marcelo LevingstonPresident of Argentina1970 CE – 1971 CE
- Alejandro Agustín LanussePresident of Argentina1971 CE – 1973 CE
- Héctor José CámporaPresident of Argentina1973 CE
- Isabel Martínez de PerónVice President of Argentina1973 CE – 1974 CE
- Raúl Alberto LastiriPresident of Argentina1973 CE
- Vicente Solano LimaVice President of Argentina1973 CE
- Jorge Rafael VidelaPresident of Argentina1976 CE – 1981 CE
- Carlos LacostePresident of Argentina1981 CE
- Horacio LiendoPresident of Argentina1981 CE
- Leopoldo Fortunato GaltieriPresident of Argentina1981 CE – 1982 CE
- Roberto Eduardo ViolaPresident of Argentina1981 CE
- Alfredo Oscar Saint JeanPresident of Argentina1982 CE
- Reynaldo BignonePresident of Argentina1982 CE – 1983 CE
- Raúl AlfonsínPresident of Argentina1983 CE – 1989 CE
- Víctor Hipólito MartínezVice President of Argentina1983 CE – 1989 CE
- Carlos MenemPresident of Argentina1989 CE – 1999 CE
- Eduardo DuhaldeVice President of Argentina1989 CE – 1991 CE
- Carlos RuckaufVice President of Argentina1995 CE – 1999 CE
- Carlos ÁlvarezVice President of Argentina1999 CE – 2000 CE
- Fernando de la RúaPresident of Argentina1999 CE – 2001 CE
- Adolfo Rodríguez SaáPresident of Argentina2001 CE
- Eduardo CamañoPresident of Argentina2001 CE – 2002 CE
- Ramón PuertaPresident of Argentina2001 CE
- Eduardo DuhaldePresident of Argentina2002 CE – 2003 CE
- Daniel ScioliVice President of Argentina2003 CE – 2007 CE
- Néstor KirchnerPresident of Argentina2003 CE – 2007 CE
- Cristina Fernández de KirchnerPresident of Argentina2007 CE – 2015 CE
- Julio CobosVice President of Argentina2007 CE – 2011 CE
- Amado BoudouVice President of Argentina2011 CE – 2015 CE
- Gabriela MichettiVice President of Argentina2015 CE – 2019 CE
- Mauricio MacriPresident of Argentina2015 CE – 2019 CE
- Alberto FernándezPresident of Argentina2019 CE – 2023 CE
- Cristina Fernández de KirchnerVice President of Argentina2019 CE – 2023 CE
- Javier MileiPresident2023 CE –
- Victoria VillarruelVice President of Argentina2023 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and Uruguay
- Government type
- presidential republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Javier Gerardo MILEI (since 10 December 2023); head of government: President Javier Gerardo MILEI (since 10 December 2023); cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president;
- Ethnic groups
- European (mostly Spanish and Italian descent) and Mestizo (mixed European and Indigenous ancestry) 97.2%, Indigenous 2.4%, African descent 0.4% (2010 est.)
- Natural resources
- fertile plains of the pampas, lead, zinc, tin, copper, iron ore, manganese, petroleum, uranium, arable land
- Economy
- large diversified economy; financial risks from debt obligations, rapid inflation, and reduced investor appetites; resource-rich, export-led growth model; increasing trade relations with China; G20 and OAS leader; tendency to nationalize businesses and under-report inflation
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Spanish
- Currency
- Argentine pesos (ARS)
Memberships
- 21-member Entente (1936)Historical alliance · member1936 CE – 1945 CE
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · founding member1945 CE –
- 20-member Defense Pact (1945)Military alliance · member1945 CE – 1947 CE
- 35-member Defense Pact (1947)Military alliance · member1947 CE –
- Chile–Argentina Non-Aggression Pact (1979)Historical alliance · member1979 CE –
- Chile–Argentina Non-Aggression Pact (1984)Historical alliance · member1984 CE –
- MercosurMERCOSUREconomic bloc · founding member1991 CE –
- G20G20Political union · founding member1999 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CHAT (Comin-Hobijn)2009 (FinalCHAT_72909)
Comin, D. & Hobijn, B. (2009). The CHAT Dataset. NBER Working Paper 15319.
NBER research data, freely downloadable
CIA World Factbook 2024
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Barbieri, K. & Keshk, O. (2016). Correlates of War Project Trade Data Set, v4.0.
Free academic use, citation
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
Argentine Republic is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.