Polity · 1992 CE – present
Ukraine
Україна · Ukraina
- Peak recorded area
- 590,265 km²
- 1992 CE
- Rulers on record
- 18
- from 1991 CE
- Data series
- 456
- 1992 CE–2025 CE
Overview
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the north; Poland and Slovakia to the west; Hungary, Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov to the south and southeast. Kyiv is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Kharkiv, Odesa, and Dnipro. The official language of Ukraine is Ukrainian.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
2 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 2 further extents, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 80 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population216 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 39Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy165 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 74.87years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 1.7Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 3.6% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 79.54years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 69.99years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 148 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita PPP214 obs · 1800 CE–2013 CE | 8,353int'l $ (inflation adj.)2013 CE · Gapminder |
| GDP Current Usd73 obs · 1987 CE–2025 CE | 214.2Bcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| GDP per capita44 obs · 1973 CE–2022 CE | 7,749.12011 int'l $2022 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| Energy per capita40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 15.9KkWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Fossil Fuel Consumption40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 417.08TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Primary Energy Consumption40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 601.05TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
Military
6 of 65 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Military Expenditure % GDP64 obs · 1993 CE–2024 CE | 34.48% of GDP2024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| Military Expenditure Constant Usd32 obs · 1993 CE–2024 CE | 66.8Kmillions_usd_20232024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| Military Expenditure per capita32 obs · 1993 CE–2024 CE | 1,728.19usd_current2024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| Military Expenditure Usd32 obs · 1993 CE–2024 CE | 64.7Bcurrent US$2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Armed Forces Personnel29 obs · 1992 CE–2020 CE | 298Kpersons2020 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| CINC Score26 obs · 1991 CE–2016 CE | 0.0072CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 78 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Gas Production120 obs · 1900 CE–2024 CE | 180.95TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Arable Land %64 obs · 1992 CE–2023 CE | 56.82% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Forest Area %64 obs · 1992 CE–2023 CE | 16.76% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Surface Area63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 603.5Ksq. km2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Co2 Emissions Mt Co2e55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 118.48mt_co2_equivalent2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Co2 Emissions per capita55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 3.13t_co2e_per_capita2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
Governance
6 of 28 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Legislature Total Seats49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 428seats2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Num Government Parties49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 254count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Num Opposition Parties49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 124count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Largest Govt Party Vote Share42 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 43.16percent2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Electoral Democracy Index35 obs · 1990 CE–2024 CE | 0.389index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index35 obs · 1990 CE–2024 CE | 0.233index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
Development
6 of 57 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10052 obs · 1960 CE–2023 CE | 122.76per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Hospital Beds Per 100043 obs · 1980 CE–2022 CE | 6.14per_10002022 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Who Skilled Birth Attendance39 obs · 1985 CE–2023 CE | 14.95%2023 CE · WHO Global Health Observatory |
| Physicians Per 100036 obs · 1980 CE–2023 CE | 3.53per_10002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Freedom Of Expression Index35 obs · 1990 CE–2024 CE | 0.417index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Electricity Access %34 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 100%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Rulers
18 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Leonid KravchukHead of State1991 CE – 1994 CE
- Leonid KuchmaHead of State1994 CE – 2005 CE
- Pavlo LazarenkoHead of Government1996 CE – 1997 CE
- Viktor YushchenkoHead of State2005 CE – 2010 CE
- Yurii YekhanurovHead of Government2005 CE – 2006 CE
- Viktor YanukovychHead of Government2006 CE – 2007 CE
- Yulia TymoshenkoHead of Government2007 CE – 2010 CE
- Mykola AzarovHead of Government2010 CE – 2014 CE
- Viktor YanukovychHead of State2010 CE – 2014 CE
- Arsenii YatseniukHead of Government2014 CE – 2016 CE
- Oleksandr TurchynovHead of State2014 CE
- Petro PoroshenkoHead of State2014 CE – 2019 CE
- Serhii ArbuzovHead of Government2014 CE
- Volodymyr HroismanHead of Government2016 CE – 2019 CE
- Olexii HoncharukHead of Government2019 CE – 2020 CE
- Volodymyr ZelenskyyHead of State2019 CE –
- Denys ShmyhalHead of Government2020 CE – 2025 CE
- Yulia SvyrydenkoHead of Government2025 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Eastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Poland, Belarus, Romania, and Moldova in the west and Russia in the east
- Government type
- semi-presidential republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Volodymyr ZELENSKYY (since 20 May 2019); head of government: Prime Minister Yulia SVYRYDENKO (since 17 July 2025); cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers nominated by the prime minister, approved by the Verkhovna Rada;
- Ethnic groups
- Ukrainian 77.8%, Russian 17.3%, Belarusian 0.6%, Moldovan 0.5%, Crimean Tatar 0.5%, Bulgarian 0.4%, Hungarian 0.3%, Romanian 0.3%, Polish 0.3%, Jewish 0.2%, other 1.8% (2001 est.)
- Natural resources
- iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, arable land
- Economy
- lower-middle-income, non-EU, Eastern European economy; key wheat and corn exporter; gradual recovery after 30% GDP contraction at start of war; damage to infrastructure and agriculture balanced by consumer and business resilience in western Ukraine;
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Ukrainian
- Currency
- hryvnia (UAH)
Memberships
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · member1991 CE –
- Hungary–Ukraine Non-Aggression Pact (1991)Historical alliance · member1991 CE –
- Moldova–Ukraine Non-Aggression Pact (1992)Historical alliance · member1992 CE –
- Poland–Ukraine Non-Aggression Pact (1992)Historical alliance · member1992 CE –
- Slovakia–Ukraine Non-Aggression Pact (1993)Historical alliance · member1993 CE –
- Lithuania–Ukraine Non-Aggression Pact (1994)Historical alliance · member1994 CE –
- 12-member Defense Pact (1992)Military alliance · member1995 CE –
- Latvia–Ukraine Non-Aggression Pact (1995)Historical alliance · member1995 CE –
- Ukraine–Armenia Non-Aggression Pact (1996)Historical alliance · member1996 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CIA World Factbook 2024
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023DPI 2023
Cruz, C., Keefer, P. & Scartascini, C. (2023). Database of Political Institutions 2023. Inter-American Development Bank.
IDB open data, attribution
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
SIPRI Military Expenditure Database2024
SIPRI (2024). Military Expenditure Database.
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
WHO Global Health Observatory2024
World Health Organization (2024). Global Health Observatory data repository.
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment)2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment series). Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0