Polity · 500 BCE – 32 BCE
Roman Republic
Res Publica Romana
- Peak recorded area
- 2,338,320 km²
- 41 BCE
- Data series
- 23
- 500 BCE–54 BCE
Overview
The Roman Republic was the era of classical Roman civilisation beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire following the War of Actium. During this period, Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
49 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before 32 BCE, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Largest Settlement Pop6 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 400Kpersons100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
| Polity Population5 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 7.48score100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
| Population5 obs · 500 BCE–133 BCE | 30Mpersons133 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
Economy
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Agricultural Sophistication5 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 0.9696score100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
| Monetary Complexity5 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 0.8333score100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
Military
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Battle Count12 obs · 262 BCE–54 BCE | 1battles54 BCE · Historical Conflict Events Dataset (HCED v3) |
| Battle Scale Avg5 obs · 262 BCE–54 BCE | 2Lehmann-Zhukov 1-554 BCE · Historical Conflict Events Dataset (HCED v3) |
| Battle Wins5 obs · 262 BCE–57 BCE | 1battles won57 BCE · Historical Conflict Events Dataset (HCED v3) |
| Battle Losses3 obs · 256 BCE–54 BCE | 1battles lost54 BCE · Historical Conflict Events Dataset (HCED v3) |
| Military Levels3 obs · 509 BCE–133 BCE | 7levels133 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
Territory & resources
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Polity Territory5 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 6.44score100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
| Territory km²5 obs · 500 BCE–133 BCE | 2.7Msq km133 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
Governance
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Admin Levels3 obs · 509 BCE–133 BCE | 3.5levels133 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
| Religious Hierarchy3 obs · 509 BCE–133 BCE | 4levels133 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
Development
6 of 9 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Known Ancient Places6 obs · 325 BCE–89 BCE | 4,342places89 BCE · Pleiades Gazetteer |
| Known Ancient Settlements6 obs · 325 BCE–89 BCE | 2,296settlements89 BCE · Pleiades Gazetteer |
| Government Complexity5 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 0.3727score100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
| Hierarchy Levels5 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 5.83score100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
| Information Complexity5 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 0.9231score100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
| Infrastructure5 obs · 500 BCE–100 BCE | 0.8333score100 BCE · Seshat Equinox 2020 |
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Latin
- Currency
- Roman currency
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Historical Conflict Events Dataset (HCED v3)v3
Brecke, P. Conflict Catalog (Historical Conflict Events Dataset), digitized v3.
Academic use, attribution
Pleiades Gazetteer2024 snapshot
Bagnall, R. et al. (eds.). Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places.
CC BY 3.0
Seshat Equinox 2020Equinox 2020
Turchin, P. et al. Seshat Global History Databank, Equinox 2020 release.
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
Roman Republic is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.