Polity · 1992 CE – present
Republic of Uzbekistan
Oʻzbekiston · Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi · O'zbekiston Respublikasi
Also recorded as Uzbekistan
- Peak recorded area
- 414,926 km²
- 2006 CE
- Rulers on record
- 18
- from 1991 CE
- Data series
- 414
- 1992 CE–2025 CE
Overview
Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a doubly landlocked country located in Central Asia. It is surrounded by five countries: Kazakhstan to the north, Kyrgyzstan to the northeast, Tajikistan to the southeast, Afghanistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest, making it one of only two doubly landlocked countries on Earth, the other being Liechtenstein. The country has a population of more than 38.2 million, making it the most populous country in Central Asia.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
5 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 1 further extent, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 65 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population216 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 37.1Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy165 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 72.66years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | -6,987persons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 1.84% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 75.7years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 69.68years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 157 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita PPP220 obs · 1800 CE–2019 CE | 6,552int'l $ (inflation adj.)2019 CE · Gapminder |
| GDP Current Usd72 obs · 1987 CE–2025 CE | 147Bcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| GDP per capita44 obs · 1973 CE–2022 CE | 12.6K2011 int'l $2022 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| Energy per capita40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 19.1KkWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Fossil Fuel Consumption40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 661.85TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Nuclear Electricity40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 0TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
Military
6 of 37 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Armed Forces Personnel29 obs · 1992 CE–2020 CE | 68Kpersons2020 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| CINC Score26 obs · 1991 CE–2016 CE | 0.0024CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production26 obs · 1991 CE–2016 CE | 654Ktons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption25 obs · 1992 CE–2016 CE | 64.3Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel25 obs · 1992 CE–2016 CE | 48Kpersons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Mil Equip Aircraft Fighter23 obs · 1992 CE–2014 CE | 104count2014 CE · rDMC Military Capabilities v1.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 74 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %64 obs · 1992 CE–2023 CE | 9.14% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Forest Area %64 obs · 1992 CE–2023 CE | 8.55% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Surface Area63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 448.9Ksq. km2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Co2 Emissions Mt Co2e55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 148.54mt_co2_equivalent2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Co2 Emissions per capita55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 4.09t_co2e_per_capita2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Methane Emissions Mt Co2e55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 64.3mt_co2_equivalent2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
Governance
6 of 28 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Rule Of Law Index167 obs · 1789 CE–2024 CE | 0.157index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Legislature Total Seats49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 150seats2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Num Government Parties49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 150count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Num Opposition Parties49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 0count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Electoral Democracy Index44 obs · 1912 CE–2024 CE | 0.215index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Largest Opposition Vote Share44 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 0percent2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
Development
6 of 53 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10052 obs · 1960 CE–2023 CE | 106.89per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Freedom Of Expression Index44 obs · 1912 CE–2024 CE | 0.232index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Hospital Beds Per 100040 obs · 1980 CE–2023 CE | 4.89per_10002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Who Skilled Birth Attendance39 obs · 1985 CE–2023 CE | 26.46%2023 CE · WHO Global Health Observatory |
| Physicians Per 100035 obs · 1980 CE–2021 CE | 2.81per_10002021 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Who Health Workers Density34 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 23.23per_100002023 CE · WHO Global Health Observatory |
Rulers
18 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Islam KarimovHead of Government1991 CE – 2016 CE
- Islam KarimovPresident of Uzbekistan1991 CE – 2016 CE
- Shukrullo MirsaidovVice President of Uzbekistan1991 CE – 1992 CE
- Abdulhashim MutalovPrime Minister of Uzbekistan1992 CE – 1995 CE
- Utkir Tukhtamurodovich SultonovPrime Minister of Uzbekistan1995 CE – 2003 CE
- Abdulla AripovDeputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2002 CE – 2012 CE
- Shavkat MirziyoyevPrime Minister of Uzbekistan2003 CE – 2016 CE
- Rustam AtsimovFirst Deputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2005 CE – 2017 CE
- Batir ZakirovDeputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2011 CE – 2016 CE
- Abdulla AripovHead of Government2016 CE –
- Achilbay RamatovFirst Deputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2016 CE – 2023 CE
- Nigmatilla YuldashevPresident of Uzbekistan2016 CE
- Shavkat MirziyoyevHead of State2016 CE –
- Aziz AbdukhakimovDeputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2018 CE – 2023 CE
- Behzod MusaevDeputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2020 CE – 2021 CE
- Jamshid Anvarovich KuchkarovDeputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2020 CE –
- Jamshid KhodjayevDeputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2022 CE –
- Zulaykho MakhkamovaDeputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan2022 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Central Asia, north of Turkmenistan, south of Kazakhstan
- Government type
- presidential republic; highly authoritarian
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Shavkat MIRZIYOYEV (since 14 December 2016); head of government: Prime Minister Abdulla ARIPOV (since 14 December 2016); cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with most requiring approval of the Senate chamber of the Supreme Assembly (Oliy Majlis);
- Ethnic groups
- Uzbek 83.8%, Tajik 4.8%, Kazakh 2.5%, Russian 2.3%, Karakalpak 2.2%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.9% (2017 est.)
- Natural resources
- natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum
- Economy
- lower-middle income Central Asian economy; key exporter of natural gas, cotton, and gold; ongoing reform efforts to reduce state-owned sector dominance, attract foreign investment, and improve sustainability of cotton production
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Uzbek
- Currency
- Uzbekistani soum (UZS)
Memberships
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · member1992 CE –
- 9-member Defense Pact (1992)Military alliance · member1992 CE –
- Russia–Uzbekistan Defense Pact (1992)Military alliance · member1992 CE –
- Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan Defense Pact (1992)Military alliance · member1992 CE –
- Latvia–Uzbekistan Non-Aggression Pact (1995)Historical alliance · member1995 CE –
- 12-member Defense Pact (1992)Military alliance · member1995 CE –
- Slovakia–Uzbekistan Non-Aggression Pact (1997)Historical alliance · member1997 CE –
- 6-member Non-Aggression Pact (1996)Historical alliance · member2001 CE –
- CSTOCSTOMilitary alliance · founding member2002 CE – 2012 CE
- 7-member Non-Aggression Pact (2002)Historical alliance · member2002 CE –
- Russia–Uzbekistan Defense Pact (2005)Military alliance · member2005 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CIA World Factbook 2024
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023DPI 2023
Cruz, C., Keefer, P. & Scartascini, C. (2023). Database of Political Institutions 2023. Inter-American Development Bank.
IDB open data, attribution
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
rDMC Military Capabilities v1.0v1.0
Reconstructed Data on Military Capabilities (rDMC), v1.0. Harvard Dataverse.
Academic use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
WHO Global Health Observatory2024
World Health Organization (2024). Global Health Observatory data repository.
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment)2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment series). Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
Republic of Uzbekistan is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.