Polity · 1961 CE – present
Republic of the Niger
Nijar · République du Niger
Also recorded as Niger
- Peak recorded area
- 1,259,570 km²
- 1932 CE
- Rulers on record
- 27
- from 1960 CE
- Data series
- 370
- 1961 CE–2025 CE
Overview
The Niger, officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is a unitary state bordered by Libya to the northeast, Chad to the east, Nigeria to the south, Benin and Burkina Faso to the southwest, Mali to the west, and Algeria to the northwest. It covers a land area of almost 1.27 million km2 (490,000 mi2), making it the largest landlocked country in West Africa and the second-largest landlocked nation in Africa behind Chad.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
5 dated territorial extents on record from CShapes 2.0. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. Cliopatria holds 2 further extents, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 57 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population216 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 27.9Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy165 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 61.66years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | -7,704persons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 3.19% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 62.66years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 60.69years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 150 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita PPP200 obs · 1820 CE–2019 CE | 1,281int'l $ (inflation adj.)2019 CE · Gapminder |
| GDP Current Usd109 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 21.6Bcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| GDP per capita73 obs · 1950 CE–2022 CE | 1,007.722011 int'l $2022 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| Agriculture % GDP66 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 47.59% of GDP2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Industry % GDP66 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 18.72% of GDP2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Services % GDP66 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 31.09% of GDP2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Military
6 of 29 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Military Expenditure % GDP82 obs · 1975 CE–2024 CE | 2.24% of GDP2024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| CINC Score57 obs · 1960 CE–2016 CE | 0.0008CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption57 obs · 1960 CE–2016 CE | 3.7Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production57 obs · 1960 CE–2016 CE | 5,000tons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel57 obs · 1960 CE–2016 CE | 5,000persons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure53 obs · 1960 CE–2012 CE | 70Mcurrent USD2012 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 54 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %126 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 13.97% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Coal Production117 obs · 1900 CE–2016 CE | 1.65TWh2016 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Forest Area %68 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 0.823% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Agricultural Land %63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 36.79%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Arable Land per capita Ha63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 0.6766hectares per person2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Fao Agricultural Land63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 46.6Mha2023 CE · FAOSTAT |
Governance
6 of 29 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Electoral Democracy Index103 obs · 1922 CE–2024 CE | 0.24index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index103 obs · 1922 CE–2024 CE | 0.18index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index103 obs · 1922 CE–2024 CE | 0.2index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type103 obs · 1922 CE–2024 CE | 0RoW index (0-3)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index103 obs · 1922 CE–2024 CE | 0.625index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Polity253 obs · 1960 CE–2012 CE | 6index (-10 to 10)2012 CE · Clio-Infra |
Development
6 of 51 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index103 obs · 1922 CE–2024 CE | 0.752index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Tech Electricity Production53 obs · 1936 CE–1993 CE | 178MGWh1993 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Primary Enrollment Gross %52 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 64.65%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10051 obs · 1960 CE–2023 CE | 65.74per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Primary Completion Rate48 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 40.76%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Pupil Teacher Ratio Primary45 obs · 1971 CE–2017 CE | 36.34ratio2017 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Rulers
27 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Diori HamaniPresident of Niger1960 CE – 1974 CE
- Hamid AlgabidPrime Minister of Niger1983 CE – 1988 CE
- Mamane OumarouPrime Minister of Niger1983 CE
- Aliou MahamidouPrime Minister of Niger1990 CE – 1991 CE
- Amadou CheiffouPrime Minister of Niger1991 CE – 1993 CE
- Mahamadou IssoufouPrime Minister of Niger1993 CE – 1994 CE
- Mahamane OusmanePresident of Niger1993 CE – 1996 CE
- Souley AbdoulayePrime Minister of Niger1994 CE – 1995 CE
- Amadou CisséPrime Minister of Niger1995 CE
- Boukary AdjiPrime Minister of Niger1996 CE
- Ibrahim Baré MaïnassaraPresident of Niger1996 CE – 1999 CE
- Ibrahim Assane MayakiHead of Government1997 CE – 2000 CE
- Daouda Malam WankéPresident of Niger1999 CE
- Mamadou TandjaHead of State1999 CE – 2010 CE
- Hama AmadouHead of Government2000 CE – 2007 CE
- Seyni OumarouHead of Government2007 CE – 2009 CE
- Albadé AboubaHead of Government2009 CE
- Ali Badjo GamatiéHead of Government2009 CE – 2010 CE
- Mahamadou DandaHead of Government2010 CE – 2011 CE
- Salou DjiboHead of State2010 CE – 2011 CE
- Brigi RafiniHead of Government2011 CE – 2021 CE
- Mahamadou IssoufouHead of State2011 CE – 2021 CE
- Mohamed BazoumHead of State2021 CE – 2023 CE
- Ouhoumoudou MahamadouHead of Government2021 CE – 2023 CE
- Abdourahamane TchianiHead of State2023 CE –
- Ali Lamine ZeineHead of Government2023 CE –
- Hassoumi MassoudouHead of State2023 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Western Africa, southeast of Algeria
- Government type
- formerly, semi-presidential republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland (CNSP) General Abdourahame TIANI (since 28 July 2023); head of government: CNSP Prime Minister Ali Mahaman Lamine ZEINE (since 9 August 2023); cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the CNSP; election/appointment process: the CNSP rules by decree;
- Ethnic groups
- Hausa 53.1%, Zarma/Songhai 21.2%, Tuareg 11%, Fulani (Peuhl) 6.5%, Kanuri 5.9%, Gurma 0.8%, Arab 0.4%, Tubu 0.4%, other/unavailable 0.9% (2006 est.)
- Natural resources
- uranium, coal, iron ore, tin, phosphates, gold, molybdenum, gypsum, salt, petroleum
- Economy
- low-income Sahel economy; major instability and humanitarian crises limit economic activity; COVID-19 eliminated recent antipoverty gains; economy rebounding since December 2020 Nigerian border reopening and new investments; uranium resource rich
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Hausa
- Currency
- Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF), West African CFA franc (XOF)
Memberships
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · member1960 CE –
- 14-member Defense Pact (1961)Military alliance · member1961 CE – 1964 CE
- Niger–Libya Defense Pact (1974)Military alliance · member1974 CE – 1981 CE
- ECOWASECOWASEconomic bloc · founding member1975 CE –
- 16-member Non-Aggression Pact (1977)Historical alliance · member1977 CE – 1981 CE
- 16-member Defense Pact (1981)Military alliance · member1981 CE –
- African UnionAUInternational organisation · founding member2002 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CHAT (Comin-Hobijn)2009 (FinalCHAT_72909)
Comin, D. & Hobijn, B. (2009). The CHAT Dataset. NBER Working Paper 15319.
NBER research data, freely downloadable
CIA World Factbook 2024
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
CShapes 2.02.0
Schvitz, G. et al. (2022). Mapping the International System, 1886-2019: The CShapes 2.0 Dataset. Journal of Conflict Resolution 66(1).
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
FAOSTAT2024 release
FAO (2024). FAOSTAT Statistical Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
CC BY 4.0
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
SIPRI Military Expenditure Database2024
SIPRI (2024). Military Expenditure Database.
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
Republic of the Niger is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.