Polity · 1963 CE – present
Republic of Burundi
Uburundi · Burundi · Burundi
Also recorded as Burundi
- Peak recorded area
- 24,538 km²
- 1963 CE
- Rulers on record
- 6
- from 2020 CE
- Data series
- 369
- 1963 CE–2025 CE
Overview
Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is located in the Great Rift Valley at the junction between the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa, with a population of over 14 million people. It is bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and southeast, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west; Lake Tanganyika lies along its southwestern border.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
2 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 1 further extent, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 57 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population216 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 14.4Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy165 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 63.97years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | -34.7Kpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 2.35% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 66.06years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 61.89years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 148 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita PPP220 obs · 1800 CE–2019 CE | 885int'l $ (inflation adj.)2019 CE · Gapminder |
| GDP Current Usd111 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 3.4Bcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| GDP per capita73 obs · 1950 CE–2022 CE | 717.232011 int'l $2022 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| Fao Cattle Stocks64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 1.2Mhead2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Cereals Area Harvested64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 678.7Kha2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Cereals Production64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 789.5Ktonnes2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
Military
6 of 23 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Military Expenditure % GDP61 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 3.8% of GDP2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Military Expenditure Usd60 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 171.8Mcurrent US$2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| CINC Score55 obs · 1962 CE–2016 CE | 0.0005CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption55 obs · 1962 CE–2016 CE | 1.9Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production55 obs · 1962 CE–2016 CE | 0tons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel55 obs · 1962 CE–2016 CE | 20Kpersons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 61 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %126 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 51.45% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Coal Production117 obs · 1900 CE–2016 CE | 0TWh2016 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Forest Area %68 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 10.89% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Agricultural Land %63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 83.89%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Arable Land per capita Ha63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 0.0965hectares per person2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Fao Agricultural Land63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 2.2Mha2023 CE · FAOSTAT |
Governance
6 of 29 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Electoral Democracy Index109 obs · 1916 CE–2024 CE | 0.175index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index109 obs · 1916 CE–2024 CE | 0.072index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index109 obs · 1916 CE–2024 CE | 0.107index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type109 obs · 1916 CE–2024 CE | 1RoW index (0-3)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index109 obs · 1916 CE–2024 CE | 0.146index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Polity251 obs · 1962 CE–2012 CE | 6index (-10 to 10)2012 CE · Clio-Infra |
Development
6 of 51 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index109 obs · 1916 CE–2024 CE | 0.166index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10052 obs · 1960 CE–2023 CE | 63.16per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Primary Enrollment Gross %49 obs · 1971 CE–2020 CE | 101.66%2020 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Dpt Immunization %44 obs · 1981 CE–2024 CE | 89%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Measles Immunization %44 obs · 1981 CE–2024 CE | 86%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Pupil Teacher Ratio Primary44 obs · 1971 CE–2018 CE | 42.52ratio2018 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Rulers
6 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Évariste NdayishimiyeHead of State2020 CE –
- Évariste NdayishimiyeHead of Government2020 CE
- http://www.wikidata.org/.well-known/genid/fca6a6e2474e78c22d133f0253264740Head of Government2020 CE – 2022 CE
- Pascal NyabendaHead of Government2020 CE
- Pascal NyabendaHead of State2020 CE
- Gervais NdirakobucaHead of Government2023 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Central Africa, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, west of Tanzania
- Government type
- presidential republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE (since 18 June 2020); head of government: Prime Minister Nestor NTAHONTUYE (since 5 August 2025); cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president;
- Ethnic groups
- Hutu, Tutsi, Twa, South Asian
- Natural resources
- nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum, vanadium, arable land, hydropower, niobium, tantalum, gold, tin, tungsten, kaolin, limestone
- Economy
- highly agrarian, low-income Sub-Saharan economy; declining foreign assistance; increasing fiscal insolvencies; dense and still growing population; COVID-19 weakened economic recovery and flipped two years of deflation
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- English, French, Kirundi
- Currency
- Burundi francs (BIF)
Memberships
- African UnionAUInternational organisation · founding member1963 CE –
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · member1966 CE –
- Democratic Republic of the Congo–Burundi–Rwanda Defense Pact (1966)Military alliance · member1966 CE – 1994 CE
- 11-member Defense Pact (2000)Military alliance · member2000 CE –
- 11-member Defense Pact (2006)Military alliance · member2006 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CIA World Factbook 2024
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
FAOSTAT2024 release
FAO (2024). FAOSTAT Statistical Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
CC BY 4.0
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
Republic of Burundi is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.