Polity · 1992 CE – present
Republic of Azerbaijan
Azərbaycan · Azərbaycan Respublikası · Azarbaycan Respublikasi
Also recorded as Azerbaijan
- Peak recorded area
- 78,478 km²
- 1992 CE
- Rulers on record
- 14
- from 1990 CE
- Data series
- 414
- 1992 CE–2025 CE
Overview
Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of Western Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia's republic of Dagestan to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south. Baku is the capital and largest city.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
3 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 1 further extent, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 59 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population216 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 10.4Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy165 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 74.73years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 8,731persons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 0.564% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 77.44years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male140 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 71.86years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 152 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita PPP220 obs · 1800 CE–2019 CE | 20.2Kint'l $ (inflation adj.)2019 CE · Gapminder |
| GDP Current Usd69 obs · 1990 CE–2025 CE | 75.9Bcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| GDP per capita44 obs · 1973 CE–2022 CE | 17.7K2011 int'l $2022 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| Electricity Generation40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 28.02TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Energy per capita40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 20.1KkWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Fossil Fuel Consumption40 obs · 1985 CE–2024 CE | 198.69TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
Military
6 of 55 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Military Expenditure % GDP66 obs · 1992 CE–2024 CE | 4.99% of GDP2024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| Military Expenditure Constant Usd33 obs · 1992 CE–2024 CE | 3,699.4millions_usd_20232024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| Military Expenditure per capita33 obs · 1992 CE–2024 CE | 366.53usd_current2024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| Military Expenditure Usd33 obs · 1992 CE–2024 CE | 3.8Bcurrent US$2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Armed Forces Personnel29 obs · 1992 CE–2020 CE | 82Kpersons2020 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| CINC Score26 obs · 1991 CE–2016 CE | 0.0014CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 65 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %64 obs · 1992 CE–2023 CE | 25.31% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Forest Area %64 obs · 1992 CE–2023 CE | 14.11% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Surface Area63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 86.6Ksq. km2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Co2 Emissions Mt Co2e55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 38.89mt_co2_equivalent2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Co2 Emissions per capita55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 3.81t_co2e_per_capita2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Methane Emissions Mt Co2e55 obs · 1970 CE–2024 CE | 14.95mt_co2_equivalent2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
Governance
6 of 29 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Legislature Total Seats49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 76seats2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Num Government Parties49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 71count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Num Opposition Parties49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 5count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
| Electoral Democracy Index35 obs · 1990 CE–2024 CE | 0.175index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index35 obs · 1990 CE–2024 CE | 0.054index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index35 obs · 1990 CE–2024 CE | 0.045index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
Development
6 of 54 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10052 obs · 1960 CE–2023 CE | 107.69per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Hospital Beds Per 100040 obs · 1980 CE–2023 CE | 3.68per_10002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Physicians Per 100039 obs · 1980 CE–2022 CE | 3.19per_10002022 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Who Skilled Birth Attendance39 obs · 1985 CE–2023 CE | 17.9%2023 CE · WHO Global Health Observatory |
| Freedom Of Expression Index35 obs · 1990 CE–2024 CE | 0.129index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Dpt Immunization %33 obs · 1992 CE–2024 CE | 51%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Rulers
14 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Hasan HasanovPrime Minister of Azerbaijan1990 CE – 1992 CE
- Ayaz MutallibovPresident of Azerbaijan1991 CE – 1992 CE
- Abulfaz ElchibeyPresident of Azerbaijan1992 CE – 1993 CE
- Firuz MustafayevPrime Minister of Azerbaijan1992 CE
- Isa GambarPresident of Azerbaijan1992 CE
- Yaqub MammadovPresident of Azerbaijan1992 CE
- Heydar AlievPresident of Azerbaijan1993 CE
- Surat HuseynovPrime Minister of Azerbaijan1993 CE – 1994 CE
- Artur RasizadePrime Minister of Azerbaijan1996 CE – 2003 CE
- Ilham AliyevHead of State2003 CE –
- Ilham AliyevPrime Minister of Azerbaijan2003 CE
- Mehriban AlievaVice President of Azerbaijan2017 CE –
- Ali AsadovHead of Government2018 CE –
- Novruz MammadovPrime Minister of Azerbaijan2018 CE – 2019 CE
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Southwestern Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Russia, with a small European portion north of the Caucasus range
- Government type
- presidential republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Ilham ALIYEV (since 31 October 2003); head of government: Prime Minister Ali ASADOV (since 8 October 2019); cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and confirmed by the National Assembly;
- Ethnic groups
- Azerbaijani 94.8%, other 1.8%; less than 1%: Talish, Russian, Avar, Sakhur, Tartar, Georgian, Jewish, Kurd (2019 est.)
- Natural resources
- petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, nonferrous metals, bauxite
- Economy
- upper-middle income, oil-dependent Caucasus economy; minimal economic diversification and dominance of state-owned enterprises; growth and fiscal consolidation supported by oil revenues, but risks remain from demand shocks; potential economic gains from Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire;
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Azerbaijani
- Currency
- Azerbaijani manats (AZN)
Memberships
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · member1991 CE –
- 9-member Defense Pact (1992)Military alliance · member1992 CE –
- 12-member Defense Pact (1992)Military alliance · member1993 CE –
- Azerbaijan–Turkey Defense Pact (1994)Military alliance · member1994 CE –
- Azerbaijan–Iran Non-Aggression Pact (2005)Historical alliance · member2005 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CIA World Factbook 2024
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023DPI 2023
Cruz, C., Keefer, P. & Scartascini, C. (2023). Database of Political Institutions 2023. Inter-American Development Bank.
IDB open data, attribution
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
SIPRI Military Expenditure Database2024
SIPRI (2024). Military Expenditure Database.
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
WHO Global Health Observatory2024
World Health Organization (2024). Global Health Observatory data repository.
CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment)2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment series). Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
Republic of Azerbaijan is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.