Polity · 1926 CE – 1991 CE
Mongolian People's Republic
Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс · ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ
- Peak recorded area
- 1,572,660 km²
- 1946 CE
- Data series
- 226
- 1926 CE–1991 CE
Overview
The Mongolian People's Republic (MPR) was a communist state in Central and East Asia that existed from 1924 to 1992 that self-designated first as a people's democratic state and later as a socialist state. The Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party was enshrined as the leading force of state and society; it occupied the historical region of Outer Mongolia and functioned as a satellite state of the Soviet Union throughout its history.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
14 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 1 further extent, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before 1991 CE, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 44 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population87 obs · 1820 CE–1991 CE | 2.2Mpersons1991 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female74 obs · 1950 CE–1991 CE | 62.52years1991 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male74 obs · 1950 CE–1991 CE | 57.21years1991 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration74 obs · 1950 CE–1991 CE | -11.4Kpersons1991 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Urban Population71 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | 596Kpersons1991 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Life Expectancy44 obs · 1950 CE–1991 CE | 59.82years1991 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 84 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita PPP192 obs · 1800 CE–1991 CE | 2,741int'l $ (inflation adj.)1991 CE · Gapminder |
| Total Exports71 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | 67.39million USD (current)1991 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Total Imports71 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | 162.8million USD (current)1991 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Trade Balance71 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | -95.4million USD (current)1991 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Trade Openness71 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | 230.19million USD (current)1991 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| GDP per capita42 obs · 1950 CE–1991 CE | 1,976.022011 int'l $1991 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
Military
6 of 18 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| CINC Score71 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | 0.0005CINC (share of world capability)1991 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption71 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | 4.5Mcoal-ton equivalents1991 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production71 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | 0tons1991 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel64 obs · 1921 CE–1991 CE | 31Kpersons1991 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure40 obs · 1934 CE–1991 CE | 264Mcurrent USD1991 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Arms Imports Tiv Million37 obs · 1951 CE–1988 CE | 27tiv_million1988 CE · SIPRI Arms Transfers TIV |
Territory & resources
6 of 29 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Coal Production92 obs · 1900 CE–1991 CE | 37.24TWh1991 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Oil Production92 obs · 1900 CE–1991 CE | 0TWh1991 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Agricultural Land %31 obs · 1961 CE–1991 CE | 81.51%1991 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Arable Land %31 obs · 1961 CE–1991 CE | 0.8844%1991 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Arable Land per capita Ha31 obs · 1961 CE–1991 CE | 0.632hectares per person1991 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Fao Agricultural Land31 obs · 1961 CE–1991 CE | 126.1Mha1991 CE · FAOSTAT |
Governance
6 of 21 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Electoral Democracy Index81 obs · 1911 CE–1991 CE | 0.561index (0-1)1991 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index81 obs · 1911 CE–1991 CE | 0.402index (0-1)1991 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index81 obs · 1911 CE–1991 CE | 0.245index (0-1)1991 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type81 obs · 1911 CE–1991 CE | 2RoW index (0-3)1991 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index81 obs · 1911 CE–1991 CE | 0.655index (0-1)1991 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Polity268 obs · 1924 CE–1991 CE | 2index (-10 to 10)1991 CE · Clio-Infra |
Development
6 of 30 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index81 obs · 1911 CE–1991 CE | 0.809index (0-1)1991 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Tech Newspaper Circulation46 obs · 1946 CE–1991 CE | 156.7Kcirculation1991 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Electricity Production35 obs · 1957 CE–1991 CE | 3.4BGWh1991 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Radios32 obs · 1960 CE–1991 CE | 297count1991 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Irrigated Area31 obs · 1961 CE–1991 CE | 80hectares1991 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Tractors31 obs · 1961 CE–1991 CE | 10Kcount1991 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Mongolian
- Currency
- Mongolian tögrög (MNT)
Memberships
- Russia–Mongolia Defense Pact (1936)Military alliance · member1936 CE – 1991 CE
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CHAT (Comin-Hobijn)2009 (FinalCHAT_72909)
Comin, D. & Hobijn, B. (2009). The CHAT Dataset. NBER Working Paper 15319.
NBER research data, freely downloadable
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Barbieri, K. & Keshk, O. (2016). Correlates of War Project Trade Data Set, v4.0.
Free academic use, citation
FAOSTAT2024 release
FAO (2024). FAOSTAT Statistical Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
CC BY 4.0
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
SIPRI (2024). Arms Transfers Database (Trend-Indicator Values).
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment)2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment series). Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
Mongolian People's Republic is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.