Polity · 1214 CE – 1660 CE
Kingdom of Scotland
Rìoghachd na h-Alba · Kinrick o Scotland
- Peak recorded area
- 92,754 km²
- 1579 CE
- Rulers on record
- 19
- from 1214 CE
- Data series
- 2
- 1337 CE–1455 CE
Overview
The Kingdom of Scotland was a sovereign state in northwest Europe, traditionally said to have been founded in 843. Its territories expanded and shrank, but it came to occupy the northern third of the island of Great Britain, sharing a land border to the south with the Kingdom of England. During the Middle Ages, Scotland engaged in intermittent conflict with England, most prominently the Wars of Scottish Independence, which saw the Scots assert their independence from the English.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
11 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before 1660 CE, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
Military
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Battle Count2 obs · 1337 CE–1455 CE | 1battles1455 CE · Historical Conflict Events Dataset (HCED v3) |
| Battle Wins | 1battles won1455 CE · Historical Conflict Events Dataset (HCED v3) |
Rulers
19 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Alexander II of ScotlandHead of State1214 CE – 1249 CE
- Alexander III of ScotlandHead of State1249 CE – 1286 CE
- Margaret, Maid of NorwayHead of State1286 CE – 1290 CE
- John of ScotlandHead of State1292 CE – 1296 CE
- Robert I of ScotlandHead of State1306 CE – 1329 CE
- David II of ScotlandHead of State1329 CE – 1332 CE
- Edward BalliolHead of State1332 CE – 1336 CE
- Robert II of ScotlandHead of State1371 CE – 1390 CE
- Robert III of ScotlandHead of State1390 CE – 1406 CE
- James I of ScotlandHead of State1406 CE – 1437 CE
- James II of ScotlandHead of State1437 CE – 1460 CE
- James III of ScotlandHead of State1460 CE – 1488 CE
- James IV of ScotlandHead of State1488 CE – 1513 CE
- James V of ScotlandHead of State1513 CE – 1542 CE
- Mary, Queen of ScotsHead of State1542 CE – 1567 CE
- James VI and IHead of State1567 CE – 1625 CE
- Charles I of EnglandHead of State1625 CE – 1649 CE
- Charles II of EnglandHead of State1649 CE – 1651 CE
- InterregnumHead of State1651 CE – 1660 CE
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Latin, Scots, Scottish Gaelic
- Currency
- pound Scots
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Historical Conflict Events Dataset (HCED v3)v3
Brecke, P. Conflict Catalog (Historical Conflict Events Dataset), digitized v3.
Academic use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
Kingdom of Scotland is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.