Polity · 1976 CE – present
Hellenic Republic
Ελληνική Δημοκρατία · Ελλάδα · Γ΄ Ελληνική Δημοκρατία
Also recorded as Greece
- Peak recorded area
- 121,227 km²
- 1976 CE
- Rulers on record
- 67
- from 1924 CE
- Data series
- 434
- 1976 CE–2025 CE
Overview
The Third Hellenic Republic is the period in modern Greek history that stretches from 1974, with the fall of the Greek military junta and the final confirmation of the abolition of the Greek monarchy, to the present day. Today, it is Greece.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
3 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 57 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population173 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 9.9Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy143 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 82.22years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth119 obs · 1961 CE–2025 CE | -0.408% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration108 obs · 1971 CE–2025 CE | 16.6Kpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female107 obs · 1971 CE–2025 CE | 84.6years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male107 obs · 1971 CE–2025 CE | 79.74years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 154 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP Current Usd112 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 280.6Bcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Inflation66 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 2.48% annual2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Fuel Exports % Merchandise62 obs · 1962 CE–2023 CE | 32.36%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Fuel Imports % Merchandise62 obs · 1962 CE–2023 CE | 27.79%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Low Carbon Electricity55 obs · 1971 CE–2025 CE | 28.86TWh2025 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Nuclear Electricity55 obs · 1971 CE–2025 CE | 0TWh2025 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
Military
6 of 69 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Military Expenditure % GDP115 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 2.9% of GDP2025 CE · CIA World Factbook 2024 |
| Military Expenditure Usd65 obs · 1960 CE–2024 CE | 8Bcurrent US$2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Arms Imports Tiv Million49 obs · 1976 CE–2024 CE | 631tiv_million2024 CE · SIPRI Arms Transfers TIV |
| Military Expenditure Constant Usd49 obs · 1976 CE–2024 CE | 7,785.63millions_usd_20232024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| CINC Score46 obs · 1971 CE–2016 CE | 0.0028CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption46 obs · 1971 CE–2016 CE | 60.9Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 67 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %116 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 14.44% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Forest Area %68 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 30.27% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Surface Area63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 132Ksq. km2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Co2 Emissions Mt Co2e54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 52.51mt_co2_equivalent2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Co2 Emissions per capita54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 5.05t_co2e_per_capita2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment) |
| Coal Production54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 9.2TWh2024 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
Governance
6 of 25 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Electoral Democracy Index54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 0.75index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 0.576index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 0.516index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 2RoW index (0-3)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 0.846index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Checks And Balances49 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 3count2023 CE · Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023 |
Development
6 of 62 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 0.82index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Physicians Per 100050 obs · 1971 CE–2022 CE | 6.58per_10002022 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10049 obs · 1975 CE–2023 CE | 110.79per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Dpt Immunization %45 obs · 1980 CE–2024 CE | 95%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Pupil Teacher Ratio Primary43 obs · 1971 CE–2017 CE | 9.38ratio2017 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Patent Applications42 obs · 1980 CE–2021 CE | 394applications2021 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Rulers
67 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Pavlos KountouriotisHead of State1924 CE – 1926 CE
- Theodoros PangalosPrime Minister of Greece1925 CE – 1926 CE
- Alexandros ZaimisPrime Minister of Greece1926 CE – 1928 CE
- Athanasios EftaxiasPrime Minister of Greece1926 CE
- Georgios KondylisPrime Minister of Greece1926 CE
- Theodoros PangalosHead of State1926 CE
- Alexandros ZaimisHead of State1929 CE – 1935 CE
- Panagis TsaldarisPrime Minister of Greece1932 CE – 1933 CE
- Alexandros OthonaiosPrime Minister of Greece1933 CE
- Konstantinos DemertzisPrime Minister of Greece1935 CE – 1936 CE
- Ioannis MetaxasPrime Minister of Greece1936 CE – 1941 CE
- Alexandros KoryzisPrime Minister of Greece1941 CE
- Georgios TsolakoglouPrime Minister of Greece1941 CE – 1942 CE
- Konstantinos LogothetopoulosDeputy Prime Minister of Greece1941 CE – 1942 CE
- Konstantinos LogothetopoulosPrime Minister of Greece1942 CE – 1943 CE
- Ioannis RallisPrime Minister of Greece1943 CE – 1944 CE
- Alexandros SvolosPrime Minister of Greece1944 CE
- Georgios PapandreouPrime Minister of Greece1944 CE – 1945 CE
- Sofoklis VenizelosPrime Minister of Greece1944 CE
- Archbishop Damaskinos PapandreouPrime Minister of Greece1945 CE
- Nikolaos PlastirasPrime Minister of Greece1945 CE
- Panagiotis KanellopoulosPrime Minister of Greece1945 CE
- Konstantinos TsaldarisPrime Minister of Greece1946 CE – 1947 CE
- Panagiotis PoulitsasPrime Minister of Greece1946 CE
- Dimitrios MaximosPrime Minister of Greece1947 CE
- Alexandros DiomidisPrime Minister of Greece1949 CE – 1950 CE
- Alexandros PapagosPrime Minister of Greece1952 CE – 1955 CE
- Konstantinos KaramanlisPrime Minister of Greece1955 CE – 1958 CE
- Stilianos MavromichalisPrime Minister of Greece1963 CE
- Georgios PapadopoulosPrime Minister of Greece1967 CE – 1973 CE
- Adamantios AndroutsopoulosPrime Minister of Greece1973 CE – 1974 CE
- Georgios PapadopoulosPresident of Greece1973 CE
- Odysseas AngelisVice President of Greece1973 CE
- Phedon GizikisHead of State1973 CE – 1974 CE
- Spiridon MarkezinisPrime Minister of Greece1973 CE
- Georgios MavrosDeputy Prime Minister of Greece1974 CE
- Michael StasinopoulosHead of State1974 CE – 1975 CE
- Konstantinos TsatsosHead of State1975 CE – 1980 CE
- Georgios RallisPrime Minister of Greece1980 CE – 1981 CE
- Konstantinos KaramanlisHead of State1980 CE – 1985 CE
- Andreas PapandreouPrime Minister of Greece1981 CE – 1989 CE
- Christos SartzetakisPresident of Greece1985 CE – 1990 CE
- Ioannis CharalambopoulosDeputy Prime Minister of Greece1985 CE – 1988 CE
- Menios KoutsogiorgasDeputy Prime Minister of Greece1987 CE – 1988 CE
- Ioannis GrivasPrime Minister of Greece1989 CE
- Tzannis TzannetakisPrime Minister of Greece1989 CE
- Xenophon ZolotasPrime Minister of Greece1989 CE – 1990 CE
- Konstantinos MitsotakisPrime Minister of Greece1990 CE – 1993 CE
- Konstantinos StephanopoulosPresident of Greece1995 CE – 2005 CE
- Costas SimitisPrime Minister of Greece1996 CE – 2004 CE
- Kostas KaramanlisPrime Minister of Greece2004 CE – 2009 CE
- Karolos PapouliasPresident of Greece2005 CE – 2015 CE
- Giorgos PapandreouPrime Minister of Greece2009 CE – 2011 CE
- Theodoros PangalosDeputy Prime Minister of Greece2009 CE – 2012 CE
- Loukas PapademosPrime Minister of Greece2011 CE – 2012 CE
- Antonis SamarasPrime Minister of Greece2012 CE – 2015 CE
- Panagiotis PikrammenosPrime Minister of Greece2012 CE
- Evangelos VenizelosDeputy Prime Minister of Greece2013 CE – 2015 CE
- Alexis TsiprasPrime Minister of Greece2015 CE
- Prokopis PavlopoulosHead of State2015 CE – 2020 CE
- Vasiliki ThanouPrime Minister of Greece2015 CE
- Yannis DragasakisDeputy Prime Minister of Greece2015 CE – 2019 CE
- Kyriakos MitsotakisHead of Government2019 CE –
- Panagiotis PikrammenosDeputy Prime Minister of Greece2019 CE – 2023 CE
- Katerina SakellaropoulouHead of State2020 CE – 2025 CE
- Ioannis SarmasPrime Minister of Greece2023 CE
- Konstantinos TasoulasHead of State2025 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey
- Government type
- parliamentary republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Konstantinos TASOULAS (since 13 March 2025); head of government: Prime Minister Kyriakos MITSOTAKIS (since 26 June 2023); cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister;
- Ethnic groups
- Greek 91.6%, Albanian 4.4%, other 4% (2011 est.)
- Natural resources
- lignite, petroleum, iron ore, bauxite, lead, zinc, nickel, magnesite, marble, salt, hydropower potential
- Economy
- high-income EU and eurozone economy; growth above euro average, supported by private consumption and EU fund investments; structural reforms strengthening public finances and enhancing resilience within banking system; declining unemployment but low labor productivity and skill shortages
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Demotic Greek, Greek
- Currency
- euros (EUR)
Memberships
- League of NationsLoNInternational organisation · founding member1920 CE – 1946 CE
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · founding member1945 CE –
- NATONATOMilitary alliance · member1952 CE –
- EECEECEconomic bloc · member1981 CE – 1993 CE
- European UnionEUEconomic bloc · member1981 CE –
- Greece–Bulgaria Non-Aggression Pact (1991)Historical alliance · member1991 CE –
- Greece–Romania Non-Aggression Pact (1991)Historical alliance · member1991 CE –
- 10-member Defense Pact (1948)Military alliance · member1992 CE –
- Poland–Greece Non-Aggression Pact (1996)Historical alliance · member1996 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
Central Intelligence Agency (2024). The World Factbook. Washington, DC.
Public Domain (US Government work)
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Database of Political Institutions (DPI) 2023DPI 2023
Cruz, C., Keefer, P. & Scartascini, C. (2023). Database of Political Institutions 2023. Inter-American Development Bank.
IDB open data, attribution
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
SIPRI (2024). Arms Transfers Database (Trend-Indicator Values).
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
SIPRI Military Expenditure Database2024
SIPRI (2024). Military Expenditure Database.
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment)2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators (Climate & Environment series). Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
Hellenic Republic is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.