Polity · 1870 CE – 1939 CE
French Third Republic
Troisième République · Troisième République française
- Peak recorded area
- 673,610 km²
- 1919 CE
- Rulers on record
- 3
- from 1914 CE
- Data series
- 113
- 1870 CE–1939 CE
Overview
The French Third Republic was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government. The French Third Republic was a parliamentary republic.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
18 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated. CShapes 2.0 holds 4 further extents, measured on a different basis and deliberately not merged into this series.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before 1939 CE, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 61 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 41.9Mpersons1939 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| Urban Population109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 6.4Mpersons1939 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Life Expectancy70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 59.59years1939 CE · Clio-Infra |
| Height Men7 obs · 1870 CE–1930 CE | 169.9cm1930 CE · Clio-Infra |
| Infant Mortality7 obs · 1870 CE–1930 CE | 75per 1000 live births1930 CE · Clio-Infra |
| City Pop Lyon4 obs · 1875 CE–1925 CE | 691Kpersons1925 CE · Chandler/Modelski Historical Urban Population |
Economy
6 of 15 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP per capita109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 7,6402011 int'l $1939 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| GDP per capita PPP109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 6,274int'l $ (inflation adj.)1939 CE · Gapminder |
| Total Exports70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 810.93million USD (current)1939 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Total Imports70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 1,121.38million USD (current)1939 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Trade Balance70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | -310.45million USD (current)1939 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
| Trade Openness70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 1,932.31million USD (current)1939 CE · CoW Bilateral Trade v4.0 |
Military
6 of 9 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| CINC Score109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 0.0396CINC (share of world capability)1939 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 79.6Mcoal-ton equivalents1939 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 8Mtons1939 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 581Kpersons1939 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure GBP83 obs · 1831 CE–1913 CE | 66.7Mcurrent GBP1913 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure26 obs · 1914 CE–1939 CE | 1Bcurrent USD1939 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Coal Production40 obs · 1900 CE–1939 CE | 405.49TWh1939 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Gas Production40 obs · 1900 CE–1939 CE | 0TWh1939 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Oil Production40 obs · 1900 CE–1939 CE | 0.814TWh1939 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
Governance
6 of 7 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Electoral Democracy Index109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 0.535index (0-1)1939 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 0.444index (0-1)1939 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 0.334index (0-1)1939 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 0.896index (0-1)1939 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Polity270 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 10index (-10 to 10)1939 CE · Clio-Infra |
| Regime Type40 obs · 1900 CE–1939 CE | 2RoW index (0-3)1939 CE · V-Dem v15 |
Development
6 of 18 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index109 obs · 1831 CE–1939 CE | 0.82index (0-1)1939 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Tech Merchant Shipping Tonnage70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 1,717gross tons1939 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Railway Freight Tkm70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 29.3Ktonne-km1939 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Railway Line Km70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 42.5Kkm1939 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Railway Passenger Km70 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 20.3Kpassenger-km1939 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
| Tech Telegraph68 obs · 1870 CE–1939 CE | 34count1939 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
Rulers
3 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- René VivianiPrime Minister of France1914 CE – 1915 CE
- Gaston DoumerguePresident of the French Republic1924 CE – 1931 CE
- Théodore TissierVice President of the State Council of France1928 CE – 1937 CE
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- French
- Currency
- French franc (FRF)
Memberships
- United Kingdom–France Defense Pact (1870)Military alliance · member1870 CE – 1872 CE
- France–Russia Entente (1891)Historical alliance · member1891 CE – 1893 CE
- France–Russia Defense Pact (1893)Military alliance · member1893 CE – 1917 CE
- France–Italy Non-Aggression Pact (1902)Historical alliance · member1902 CE – 1918 CE
- France–Spain Entente (1904)Historical alliance · member1904 CE – 1907 CE
- United Kingdom–France–Spain Entente (1907)Historical alliance · member1907 CE – 1915 CE
- United Kingdom–France Entente (1912)Historical alliance · member1912 CE – 1918 CE
- 4-member Defense Pact (1915)Military alliance · member1915 CE – 1918 CE
- 5-member Defense Pact (1916)Military alliance · member1916 CE – 1918 CE
- Belgium–France Defense Pact (1920)Military alliance · member1920 CE – 1936 CE
- France–Poland Defense Pact (1921)Military alliance · member1921 CE – 1939 CE
- 4-member Entente (1921)Historical alliance · member1921 CE – 1931 CE
- France–Czechoslovakia Entente (1924)Historical alliance · member1924 CE – 1938 CE
- 5-member Defense Pact (1925)Military alliance · member1925 CE – 1936 CE
- France–Poland Defense Pact (1925)Military alliance · member1925 CE – 1939 CE
- France–Czechoslovakia Defense Pact (1925)Military alliance · member1925 CE – 1938 CE
- France–Romania Non-Aggression Pact (1926)Historical alliance · member1926 CE – 1940 CE
- France–Yugoslavia Non-Aggression Pact (1927)Historical alliance · member1927 CE – 1940 CE
- France–Turkey Non-Aggression Pact (1930)Historical alliance · member1930 CE – 1940 CE
- France–Russia Non-Aggression Pact (1932)Historical alliance · member1932 CE – 1935 CE
- France–Russia Defense Pact (1935)Military alliance · member1935 CE – 1939 CE
- France–Italy Entente (1935)Historical alliance · member1935 CE – 1935 CE
- 9-member Defense Pact (1937)Military alliance · member1937 CE – 1939 CE
- France–Germany Entente (1938)Historical alliance · member1938 CE – 1939 CE
- France–Turkey Defense Pact (1939)Military alliance · member1939 CE – 1939 CE
- United Kingdom–France–Turkey Defense Pact (1939)Military alliance · member1939 CE – 1940 CE
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
Chandler/Modelski Historical Urban PopulationChandler 1987 / Modelski 2003
Chandler, T. (1987). Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth; Modelski, G. (2003). World Cities: -3000 to 2000.
Compiled from published works (Chandler 1987; Modelski 2003)
CHAT (Comin-Hobijn)2009 (FinalCHAT_72909)
Comin, D. & Hobijn, B. (2009). The CHAT Dataset. NBER Working Paper 15319.
NBER research data, freely downloadable
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Barbieri, K. & Keshk, O. (2016). Correlates of War Project Trade Data Set, v4.0.
Free academic use, citation
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
French Third Republic is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.