Polity · 1958 CE – present
French Republic
Cinquième République · République française · République française
Also recorded as France
- Peak recorded area
- 11,258,100 km²
- 1958 CE
- Rulers on record
- 94
- from 1898 CE
- Data series
- 461
- 1958 CE–2025 CE
Overview
The Fifth Republic is France's current republican system of government. It was established on 4 October 1958 by Charles de Gaulle under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
8 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 62 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population209 obs · 1949 CE–2025 CE | 66.7Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy157 obs · 1958 CE–2025 CE | 83.58years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration133 obs · 1958 CE–2025 CE | 91.7Kpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth133 obs · 1958 CE–2025 CE | 0.15% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female132 obs · 1958 CE–2025 CE | 86.31years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male132 obs · 1958 CE–2025 CE | 80.73years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 149 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| GDP Current Usd112 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 3.4Tcurrent US$2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| GDP per capita74 obs · 1949 CE–2022 CE | 39.1K2011 int'l $2022 CE · Maddison Project Database 2023 |
| GDP per capita PPP71 obs · 1949 CE–2019 CE | 39.8Kint'l $ (inflation adj.)2019 CE · Gapminder |
| Agriculture % GDP66 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 1.4% of GDP2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Industry % GDP66 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 16.78% of GDP2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Inflation66 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 0.9438% annual2025 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Military
6 of 88 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Military Expenditure % GDP141 obs · 1950 CE–2025 CE | 2.1% of GDP2025 CE · CIA World Factbook 2024 |
| Military Expenditure Constant Usd76 obs · 1949 CE–2024 CE | 63.1Kmillions_usd_20232024 CE · SIPRI Military Expenditure Database |
| Arms Imports Tiv Million75 obs · 1950 CE–2024 CE | 183tiv_million2024 CE · SIPRI Arms Transfers TIV |
| CINC Score68 obs · 1949 CE–2016 CE | 0.0134CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption68 obs · 1949 CE–2016 CE | 232Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production68 obs · 1949 CE–2016 CE | 14.4Mtons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 72 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %126 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 31.36% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Coal Production68 obs · 1949 CE–2016 CE | 0TWh2016 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Forest Area %68 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 32.48% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Gas Production68 obs · 1949 CE–2016 CE | 0.236TWh2016 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Oil Production68 obs · 1949 CE–2016 CE | 10.53TWh2016 CE · Our World in Data Energy |
| Agricultural Land %63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 52.5%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Governance
6 of 27 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Electoral Democracy Index76 obs · 1949 CE–2024 CE | 0.866index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index76 obs · 1949 CE–2024 CE | 0.799index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index76 obs · 1949 CE–2024 CE | 0.605index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type76 obs · 1949 CE–2024 CE | 3RoW index (0-3)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index76 obs · 1949 CE–2024 CE | 0.963index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Polity255 obs · 1958 CE–2012 CE | 9index (-10 to 10)2012 CE · Clio-Infra |
Development
6 of 63 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index76 obs · 1949 CE–2024 CE | 0.958index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Physicians Per 100053 obs · 1970 CE–2022 CE | 3.28per_10002022 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10052 obs · 1960 CE–2023 CE | 116.69per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Hospital Beds Per 100049 obs · 1974 CE–2022 CE | 5.65per_10002022 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Dpt Immunization %45 obs · 1980 CE–2024 CE | 96%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Tech Electricity Production44 obs · 1958 CE–2001 CE | 546BGWh2001 CE · CHAT (Comin-Hobijn) |
Rulers
94 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Georges CoulonVice President of the State Council of France1898 CE – 1912 CE
- Eugène Guérinvice president of the Senate1905 CE – 1908 CE
- Armand FallièresPresident of the French Republic1906 CE – 1913 CE
- Louis Cordeletvice president of the Senate1909 CE – 1912 CE
- Jean Dupuyvice president of the Senate1911 CE –
- Alfred PicardVice President of the State Council of France1912 CE – 1913 CE
- Raymond PoincaréPresident of the French Republic1913 CE – 1920 CE
- René MarguerieVice President of the State Council of France1913 CE – 1919 CE
- Henri Hébrard de VilleneuveVice President of the State Council of France1919 CE – 1923 CE
- Alexandre MillerandPresident of the French Republic1920 CE – 1924 CE
- Paul DeschanelPresident of the French Republic1920 CE
- Victor Bérardvice president of the Senate1922 CE – 1924 CE
- Clément ColsonVice President of the State Council of France1923 CE – 1928 CE
- Frédéric François-MarsalPresident of the French Republic1924 CE
- Paul Straussvice president of the Senate1924 CE –
- Raymond PoincaréPrime Minister of France1926 CE – 1929 CE
- Paul DoumerPresident of the French Republic1931 CE – 1932 CE
- Albert François LebrunPresident of the French Republic1932 CE – 1940 CE
- André HesseVice President of the National Assembly of France1933 CE –
- Gaston DoumerguePrime Minister of France1934 CE
- Georges PichatVice President of the State Council of France1937 CE – 1938 CE
- Alfred PorchéVice President of the State Council of France1938 CE – 1944 CE
- Paul ReynaudPrime Minister of France1940 CE
- Philippe PétainDeputy Prime Minister of France1940 CE
- Pierre LavalDeputy Prime Minister of France1940 CE
- Pierre-Étienne FlandinDeputy Prime Minister of France1940 CE – 1941 CE
- Renatus CassinVice President of the State Council of France1944 CE – 1960 CE
- Georges BidaultPrime Minister of France1946 CE
- Georges BidaultPresident of the French Republic1946 CE
- Vincent AuriolHead of State1947 CE – 1954 CE
- René CotyPresident of the French Republic1954 CE – 1959 CE
- Abel Durandvice president of the Senate1955 CE – 1958 CE
- Charles de GaullePrime Minister of France1959 CE
- Charles de GaulleHead of State1959 CE – 1969 CE
- Michel DebréPrime Minister of France1959 CE – 1962 CE
- Alexandre ParodiVice President of the State Council of France1960 CE – 1971 CE
- Georges PompidouPrime Minister of France1962 CE – 1968 CE
- Jacques Raphaël-LeyguesVice President of the National Assembly of France1962 CE
- Maurice Couve de MurvillePrime Minister of France1968 CE – 1969 CE
- Alain PoherHead of State1969 CE
- Georges PompidouHead of State1969 CE – 1974 CE
- Jacques Chaban-DelmasPrime Minister of France1969 CE – 1972 CE
- Bernard ChenotVice President of the State Council of France1971 CE – 1979 CE
- Pierre MessmerPrime Minister of France1972 CE – 1974 CE
- François Le DouarecVice President of the National Assembly of France1974 CE – 1977 CE
- Jacques ChiracPrime Minister of France1974 CE – 1976 CE
- Valéry Giscard d'EstaingHead of State1974 CE – 1981 CE
- Raymond BarrePrime Minister of France1976 CE – 1981 CE
- Christian ChavanonVice President of the State Council of France1979 CE – 1981 CE
- François MitterrandPresident of the French Republic1981 CE – 1995 CE
- Marc BarbetVice President of the State Council of France1981 CE – 1982 CE
- Pierre MauroyPrime Minister of France1981 CE – 1984 CE
- Pierre NicolaÿVice President of the State Council of France1982 CE – 1987 CE
- Laurent FabiusPrime Minister of France1984 CE – 1986 CE
- Marceau LongVice President of the State Council of France1987 CE – 1995 CE
- Michel RocardPrime Minister of France1988 CE – 1991 CE
- Édith CressonPrime Minister of France1991 CE – 1992 CE
- Pierre BérégovoyPrime Minister of France1992 CE – 1993 CE
- Édouard BalladurPrime Minister of France1993 CE – 1995 CE
- Alain JuppéPrime Minister of France1995 CE – 1997 CE
- Jacques ChiracHead of State1995 CE – 2007 CE
- Renaud Denoix de Saint-MarcVice President of the State Council of France1995 CE – 2006 CE
- Lionel JospinPrime Minister of France1997 CE – 2002 CE
- Jean-Claude Gaudinvice president of the Senate1998 CE – 2011 CE
- Jean-Pierre RaffarinPrime Minister of France2002 CE – 2005 CE
- Dominique de VillepinPrime Minister of France2005 CE – 2007 CE
- Jean-Marc SauvéVice President of the State Council of France2006 CE – 2018 CE
- François FillonHead of Government2007 CE – 2012 CE
- Nicolas SarkozyHead of State2007 CE – 2012 CE
- Claire Thourystudent vice president2010 CE – 2012 CE
- François HollandeHead of State2012 CE – 2017 CE
- Jean-Marc AyraultHead of Government2012 CE – 2014 CE
- Françoise Cartronvice president of the Senate2014 CE – 2017 CE
- Manuel VallsPrime Minister of France2014 CE – 2016 CE
- Ahmad Ahmadvice president of the Senate2016 CE – 2017 CE
- Bernard CazeneuveHead of Government2016 CE – 2017 CE
- Édouard PhilippeHead of Government2017 CE – 2020 CE
- Emmanuel MacronPresident of the French Republic2017 CE –
- Bruno LasserreVice President of the State Council of France2018 CE – 2022 CE
- Jean CastexPrime Minister of France2020 CE – 2022 CE
- Caroline FiatVice President of the National Assembly of France2022 CE – 2024 CE
- Didier TabuteauVice President of the State Council of France2022 CE –
- Élisabeth BorneHead of Government2022 CE – 2024 CE
- Élodie Jacquier-LaforgeVice President of the National Assembly of France2022 CE –
- Hélène LaporteVice President of the National Assembly of France2022 CE –
- Naïma MoutchouVice President of the National Assembly of France2022 CE –
- Sacha Duperretstudent vice president2022 CE – 2025 CE
- Sébastien ChenuVice President of the National Assembly of France2022 CE – 2024 CE
- Valérie RabaultVice President of the National Assembly of France2022 CE –
- François BayrouPrime Minister of France2024 CE – 2025 CE
- Gabriel AttalHead of Government2024 CE
- Michel BarnierHead of Government2024 CE
- Nadège AbomangoliVice President of the National Assembly of France2024 CE –
- Sébastien LecornuPrime Minister of France2025 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- metropolitan France: Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel, between Belgium and Spain, southeast of the UK; bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Italy and SpainFrench Guiana: Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and SurinameGuadeloupe: Caribbean, islands between the Carib…
- Government type
- semi-presidential republic
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); head of government: Sébastien LECORNU (since 10 September 2025); cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president at the suggestion of the prime minister;
- Ethnic groups
- Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African (Algerian, Moroccan, Tunisian), Indochinese, Basque minorities
- Natural resources
- metropolitan France: coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, arable land, fish; French Guiana: gold deposits, petroleum, kaolin, niobium, tantalum, clay
- Economy
- high-income, advanced EU economy and eurozone member; strong tourism, aircraft manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and industrial sectors; high public debt; ongoing pension reform efforts; transitioning to a green economy via "France 2030" strategy
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- French
- Currency
- euros (EUR)
Memberships
- Triple EntenteHistorical alliance · founding member1907 CE – 1917 CE
- League of NationsLoNInternational organisation · founding member1920 CE – 1946 CE
- Allied Powers (WWII)Historical alliance · founding member1939 CE – 1945 CE
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · founding member1945 CE –
- NATONATOMilitary alliance · founding member1949 CE –
- SEATOSEATOMilitary alliance · founding member1954 CE – 1977 CE
- European UnionEUEconomic bloc · founding member1958 CE –
- EECEECEconomic bloc · founding member1958 CE –
- France–Gabon Defense Pact (1960)Military alliance · member1960 CE –
- 4-member Defense Pact (1960)Military alliance · member1960 CE – 1978 CE
- 13-member Non-Aggression Pact (1962)Historical alliance · member1962 CE – 1964 CE
- France–Russia Entente (1970)Historical alliance · member1970 CE – 1990 CE
- G7G7Political union · founding member1975 CE –
- France–Russia Entente (1990)Historical alliance · member1990 CE – 1991 CE
- France–Russia Entente (1992)Historical alliance · member1992 CE –
- France–Georgia Entente (1994)Historical alliance · member1994 CE –
- G20G20Political union · founding member1999 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CHAT (Comin-Hobijn)2009 (FinalCHAT_72909)
Comin, D. & Hobijn, B. (2009). The CHAT Dataset. NBER Working Paper 15319.
NBER research data, freely downloadable
Central Intelligence Agency (2024). The World Factbook. Washington, DC.
Public Domain (US Government work)
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
Gapminderv14 / systema globalis
Gapminder Foundation. Gapminder systema globalis dataset.
CC BY 4.0
Maddison Project Database 20232023
Bolt, J. & van Zanden, J.L. (2024). Maddison Project Database 2023. University of Groningen GGDC.
CC BY 4.0
Our World in Data (2024). Energy dataset. Based on Energy Institute & Ember.
CC BY 4.0
SIPRI (2024). Arms Transfers Database (Trend-Indicator Values).
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
SIPRI Military Expenditure Database2024
SIPRI (2024). Military Expenditure Database.
Free for non-commercial use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
French Republic is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.