Polity · 1960 CE – present
Communist Cuba
República de Cuba · Cuba
- Peak recorded area
- 124,272 km²
- 1960 CE
- Rulers on record
- 5
- from 1976 CE
- Data series
- 347
- 1960 CE–2025 CE
Overview
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country in the Caribbean. It comprises the eponymous main island as well as 4,195 islands, islets, and cays. Situated at the convergence of the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean, Cuba is located east of the Yucatán Peninsula, south of both Florida and the Bahamas, west of Hispaniola, and north of Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Havana is the largest city and capital.
Lead section from Wikipedia, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0. Read the article.
Territory
2 dated territorial extents on record from Cliopatria. Areas are measured off the recorded polygons; the line steps because each extent holds until the next one is recorded — nothing is interpolated.
The record
The best-attested series in each category; where several projects publish the same quantity, the one with the most observations is shown. Each row is the most recent value the record holds at or before the last complete year, shown with the year that value belongs to. Some statistical series also publish forward projections — the year column is the honest guide. Nothing on this page is interpolated or estimated by us.
People
6 of 57 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Population196 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 10.9Mpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy155 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 78.45years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Net Migration131 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | -22.2Kpersons2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Population Growth131 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | -0.398% annual2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Female130 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 80.84years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
| Life Expectancy Male130 obs · 1960 CE–2025 CE | 76.06years2025 CE · UN World Population Prospects 2024 |
Economy
6 of 112 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Fao Asses Stocks64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 15.7Khead2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Cattle Stocks64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 3.3Mhead2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Cereals Area Harvested64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 158.3Kha2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Cereals Production64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 308Ktonnes2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Cereals Yield64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 1,945.6hg_per_ha2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Chickens Stocks64 obs · 1961 CE–2024 CE | 5,590head2024 CE · FAOSTAT |
Military
6 of 53 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| CINC Score57 obs · 1960 CE–2016 CE | 0.0012CINC (share of world capability)2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Energy Consumption57 obs · 1960 CE–2016 CE | 14.5Mcoal-ton equivalents2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Iron Steel Production57 obs · 1960 CE–2016 CE | 244Ktons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Personnel57 obs · 1960 CE–2016 CE | 49Kpersons2016 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Military Expenditure48 obs · 1960 CE–2011 CE | 96Mcurrent USD2011 CE · Correlates of War NMC v6.0 |
| Mil Equip Aircraft Fighter44 obs · 1970 CE–2014 CE | 33count2014 CE · rDMC Military Capabilities v1.0 |
Territory & resources
6 of 48 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Arable Land %126 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 28.02% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Forest Area %68 obs · 1990 CE–2023 CE | 31.23% of land area2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Agricultural Land %63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 61.67%2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Arable Land per capita Ha63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 0.2639hectares per person2023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Fao Agricultural Land63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 6.4Mha2023 CE · FAOSTAT |
| Fao Arable Land63 obs · 1961 CE–2023 CE | 2.9Mha2023 CE · FAOSTAT |
Governance
6 of 24 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Electoral Democracy Index65 obs · 1960 CE–2024 CE | 0.178index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Liberal Democracy Index65 obs · 1960 CE–2024 CE | 0.055index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Participatory Democracy Index65 obs · 1960 CE–2024 CE | 0.065index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Regime Type65 obs · 1960 CE–2024 CE | 0RoW index (0-3)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Rule Of Law Index65 obs · 1960 CE–2024 CE | 0.128index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Polity253 obs · 1960 CE–2012 CE | -7index (-10 to 10)2012 CE · Clio-Infra |
Development
6 of 53 series| Series | Value · year · source |
|---|---|
| Freedom Of Expression Index65 obs · 1960 CE–2024 CE | 0.091index (0-1)2024 CE · V-Dem v15 |
| Primary Enrollment Gross %54 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 98.11%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Lower Secondary Completion Rate53 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 89.23%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Secondary Enrollment Gross %53 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 91.75%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Tertiary Enrollment Gross %53 obs · 1971 CE–2024 CE | 43.1%2024 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
| Mobile Subscriptions Per 10052 obs · 1960 CE–2023 CE | 69.58per_1002023 CE · World Bank World Development Indicators |
Rulers
5 on record with dated reigns. Reign years follow the house convention: BCE years are negative.
- Fidel CastroHead of State1976 CE – 2008 CE
- Raúl CastroHead of State2008 CE – 2018 CE
- Miguel Díaz-CanelHead of Government2018 CE – 2019 CE
- Miguel Díaz-CanelHead of State2018 CE –
- Manuel Marrero CruzHead of Government2019 CE –
Country profile
From the CIA World Factbook 2024. Long entries are trimmed at a sentence boundary.
- Location
- Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, 150 km south of Key West, Florida
- Government type
- communist state
- Executive branch
- chief of state: President Miguel DIAZ-CANEL Bermudez (since 19 April 2018); head of government: Prime Minister Manuel MARRERO Cruz (since 21 December 2019); cabinet: Council of Ministers proposed by the president and appointed by the National Assembly;
- Ethnic groups
- White 64.1%, Mulatto or mixed 26.6%, Black 9.3% (2012 est.)
- Natural resources
- cobalt, nickel, iron ore, chromium, copper, salt, timber, silica, petroleum, arable land
- Economy
- still largely state-run planned economy, although privatization increasing under new constitution; widespread protests due to lack of basic necessities and electricity; massive foreign investment increases recently; known tobacco exporter; unique oil-for-doctors relationship with Venezuela; widespread corruption
Language & currency
- Official & national languages
- Spanish
- Currency
- convertible peso (CUC), Cuban peso (CUP)
Memberships
- United NationsUNInternational organisation · founding member1945 CE –
- Non-Aligned MovementNAMInternational organisation · founding member1961 CE –
Sources
Every figure above comes from one of these. Nothing on this page is estimated, interpolated or model-generated.
CIA World Factbook 2024
Clio-Infra2017 datasets
Clio-Infra project (2017). Reconstructions of global inequality and well-being. International Institute of Social History.
Academic use, attribution
Seshat Global History Databank. Cliopatria: a historical basemap of polity borders (cliopatria.geojson).
Correlates of War NMC v6.0v6.0
Singer, J.D. (1987). National Material Capabilities Data (NMC), v6.0. Correlates of War Project.
Free academic use, citation
FAOSTAT2024 release
FAO (2024). FAOSTAT Statistical Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
CC BY 4.0
rDMC Military Capabilities v1.0v1.0
Reconstructed Data on Military Capabilities (rDMC), v1.0. Harvard Dataverse.
Academic use, attribution
UN World Population Prospects 20242024
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024.
CC BY 3.0 IGO
V-Dem v15v15
Coppedge, M. et al. (2025). V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v15. Varieties of Democracy Project.
Free academic/non-commercial use, attribution
Wikipedia contributors. Article lead sections, reused under CC BY-SA 4.0.
CC BY-SA 4.0
World Bank World Development Indicators2024 release
World Bank (2024). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC.
CC BY 4.0
Communist Cuba is one of the polities with a sourced record deep enough to publish.